Author Archives: Nanthakumar Victor Emmanuel, P.Eng

#US must disconnect strategic supply chains from #China, say experts

China’s dominance over the supply of rare-earth minerals and other materials—which are critical for energy transition and defense technologies—should spur U.S. policymakers to bolster raw materials supply chains, according to a new report from Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public Policy.

The China Rare Earth Group, a merger of three of China’s state-owned enterprises into one mega-conglomerate, controls of up to a quarter of global mineral-bearing rare-earth elements (REE). Combined with China’s overall dominance in rare-earth minerals and materials—roughly 60% of world production—the merger grants Chinese central planners significant pricing power and influence over world supply, explain co-authors Michelle Michot Foss and Jacob Koelsch.

The authors argue that the U.S. and its allies must divorce strategic industries from Chinese REE.

Read more at: https://phys.org/news/2022-12-disconnect-strategic-chains-china-experts.html

Raw #Lithium Exports Banned in #Zimbabwe as Demand and Prices Soar

(Bloomberg) — Zimbabwe has banned the export of unprocessed raw lithium with immediate effect as part of efforts to have the key raw material in electric-vehicle batteries processed locally.

“No lithium bearing ores, or unbeneficiated lithium whatsoever, shall be exported from Zimbabwe to another country” without written permission, an order issued by Mines Minister Winston Chitando states.

Mining companies that are building processing plants will be excluded from the directive, Deputy Mines Minister Polite Kambamura said by phone on Tuesday.

Lithium has been on a tear, surging more than 1,100% to a record in the past two years, as supply has struggled to keep up with rampant demand. Rio Tinto Group predicts half of all car sales could be EVs by 2030, up from 9% last year, and mining companies have been scouring the world for opportunities to bring on new supplies.

Read more at: https://finance.yahoo.com/news/raw-lithium-exports-banned-zimbabwe-151918459.html

#Nickel Tycoon Plans New Plant to Avoid Future #LME Short Squeezes

The tycoon at the center of this year’s nickel crisis is building a new plant for metal that can be delivered on the London Metal Exchange — a move that signals his intention to keep trading on the embattled LME while seeking to avoid being caught out by short squeezes in the future.

Tsingshan Holding Group Co., the giant metals company owned by billionaire Xiang Guangda, is the world’s largest nickel producer. However, the intermediate forms of nickel it produces for the stainless-steel and battery industries can’t be delivered against contracts on the LME, which only accepts refined metal.

Read more at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-12-19/nickel-tycoon-plans-new-plant-to-avoid-future-lme-short-squeezes?leadSource=uverify%20wall

#Jervois selects AFRY for #Finnish #Cobalt refinery expansion

Finnish cobalt products supplier Jervois has selected Sweden-based engineering firm AFRY to provide basic engineering for the cobalt refinery expansion project in Finland.

AFRY will also be responsible to lead environmental permitting, including a public Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) coordination and undertaking the Bankable Feasibility Study (BFS) for the expansion of Jervois’ cobalt refinery at Kokkola Industrial Park.

Basic engineering and the associated BFS will help Jervois to take the final investment decision for the expansion project.

Read more at: https://www.mining-technology.com/news/jervois-afry-finnish-cobalt/

Secretary #Blinken At an MOU Signing with Democratic Republic of the #Congo and #Zambia

This memorandum of understanding that we’re about to sign signals the support by the U.S. Government for what is a very important project between these two countries.  Different government agencies, USAID, Commerce, the Trade and Development Agency, are exploring technical assistance for the EV supply chain.  Our EXIM Bank, the Development Finance Corporation, will be exploring financing and support mechanisms for investment in African electric vehicle value chains.

So this is I think an important moment to take note of a truly important initiative for the future not only of the DRC and Zambia, not only for Africa, but potentially for the world, as more than anything we’re together in combating the climate crisis, together in developing new renewable sources of energy, together also in building out economies for the future.  This is a part of it.

Read more at: https://www.state.gov/secretary-blinken-at-an-mou-signing-with-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-vice-prime-minister-and-foreign-minister-christophe-lutundula-and-zambian-foreign-minister-stanley-kakubo/

EV battery cell manufacturing in #India: GODI begins production of 5.2 Ah #Lithium-ion cells

GODI India, the first Indian company to get BIS certification to sell lithium-ion cells developed and produced locally, today announced beginning production of India’s first-ever 5.2 Ah 21700 cylindrical lithium-ion cells with an energy density of 275 Wh/kg based on silicon anode technology. The electrode composition has been indigenously developed as per the market requirement.
The company claims that with the use of silicon in the anode, an electric vehicle could achieve a greater range, up by 15-20% compared to graphite, on a single charge due to the increased energy density.
With a lithium-ion cell market size of USD 5 billion projected for electric two-wheelers by 2030, GODI believes that silicon is the future of energy storage as it can store nearly 10 times the energy compared to the traditional graphite anode.

However, it comes with close to 400% of volume expansion during its charge and discharge process making it difficult to stabilise. GODI India states that it has a water-based electrode manufacturing process to stabilise the silicon, which has been successfully utilised in the manufacturing of the 5.2 Ah lithium-ion cells.
“We are delighted to announce the manufacturing of 5.2 Ah lithium-ion cells at our Hyderabad facility. We have already delivered 5.0Ah cells to top six OEMs in India and planning to deliver 5.2Ah cells in the near future,” Mahesh Godi, Founder and CEO of GODI India, said.

Read more at: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/auto/policy-and-industry/ev-battery-cell-manufacturing-in-india-godi-begins-production-of-5-2-ah-lithium-ion-cells/articleshow/96173913.cms

‘#Nickel and #Copper’s time’: #Vale to split off metals group to capitalize on battery demand

Brazil-based Vale SA plans to separate its base metal operations into a distinct entity from its main iron ore business sometime in mid-2023, a move that will affect its nickel operations across Canada.

Executives cast the announcement, which came Wednesday at an

Ont.; Thompson, Man.; and Voisey’s Bay, NL — are fully valued and can access capital.

Demand for nickel and copper, the base metals Vale primarily produces, are expected to surge as the energy transition picks up speed and more people switch to electric vehicles.

But Vale executives said that in order to capitalize on this opportunity they need to ensure base metals operations receive appropriate investment and aren’t neglected in favour of the company’s much larger iron ore business.

Read more at: https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/nickel-coppers-time-vale-split-221104438.html

#Japan to promote investment in #Congo for stable rare mineral supply

Japan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo have signed an agreement to cooperate in rare earth mineral mining in the African country, aiming to promote Japanese investment and expand supplies of resources critical for a wide range of consumer and industrial products.

Congo, formerly known as Zaire, has major natural deposits of rare earth minerals such as cobalt, a crucial material in lithium-ion batteries used to power electric cars and other electronics.

The Japanese government plans to encourage investment by Japanese companies in Congo’s rare earth mining sector, introducing them to business opportunities through seminars and other means while using its official development assistance aid to provide funding.

Tokyo hopes to help Japanese firms secure rights over mines in Congo and long-term procurement contracts to strengthen Japan’s rare earth supply chains, according to a Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry official.

Read more at: https://japantoday.com/category/business/japan-to-promote-investment-in-congo-for-stable-rare-mineral-supply

‘They see stability and calm here’: Canada looks like a good place to invest to some EV producers

The electric vehicle transition in North America kicked off nearly a decade ago with Tesla Inc. chief executive Elon Musk moving at breakneck speed, but now it’s shifting to a different phase: the slow and boring chapter in which automakers take months —  or years even — to decide where to build their EV operations.

“It’s clear that energy security, food security and supply chain resiliency is top of mind to leaders around the world,” Industry Minister François-Philippe Champagne said at a press conference on Dec. 5 in Germany, where he was meeting with Volkswagen AG and other automakers. “Canada is in many respects the answer.”

Read more at: https://financialpost.com/commodities/energy/electric-vehicles/canada-good-place-invest-ev-producers

Critical Mineral Access is a US Serious National Security Risk

A June 2021 White House report laid out a concerning case of just how dominant China has become in this space.

By “operating well outside globally accepted practices” China has effectively cornered 80 percent of the world refining market for cobalt while also controlling a majority of lithium refining operations.

In contrast, the United States refines zero percent of global cobalt. This poses a clear and growing threat, with warning signs all around us.

For example, as the US increasingly electrifies its transportation and ground logistics fleet, its domestic economy could be thrown into chaos if the supply chain for these next-generation batteries is disrupted.

Read more at: https://www.thedefensepost.com/2022/12/06/mineral-access-national-security/

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