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A June 2021 White House report laid out a concerning case of just how dominant China has become in this space.

By “operating well outside globally accepted practices” China has effectively cornered 80 percent of the world refining market for cobalt while also controlling a majority of lithium refining operations.

In contrast, the United States refines zero percent of global cobalt. This poses a clear and growing threat, with warning signs all around us.

For example, as the US increasingly electrifies its transportation and ground logistics fleet, its domestic economy could be thrown into chaos if the supply chain for these next-generation batteries is disrupted.

Read more at: https://www.thedefensepost.com/2022/12/06/mineral-access-national-security/